Appendices

Glossary

The terms used in the course, in English and Ukrainian.

Note names

This course uses letter names. B is the note a half step below C (older German-style notation calls it H). B♭ is B flat.

Letter C D E F G A B
Solfège do re mi fa sol la si

Terms

English Ukrainian Meaning
Interval Інтервал The distance between two notes
Semitone, half step Півтон One fret
Whole step Тон Two frets
Unison, 2nd, 3rd, 4th Прима, секунда, терція, кварта Interval numbers
5th, 6th, 7th, octave Квінта, секста, септима, октава Interval numbers
Major, minor (interval) Велика, мала Interval quality
Perfect Чиста Quality of unison, 4th, 5th, octave
Augmented, diminished Збільшена, зменшена One semitone larger or smaller
Tritone Тритон Six semitones
Scale Гама, звукоряд An ordered set of notes
Scale degree Ступінь A note’s position in the scale
Key Тональність A tonic plus its scale
Tonic Тоніка The home note or chord
Leading tone Ввідний тон Degree 7, a half step below the tonic
Key signature Ключові знаки The sharps or flats of a key
Circle of fifths Квінтове коло The map of all twelve keys
Relative keys Паралельні тональності Same notes, different tonic (C major and A minor)
Parallel keys Однойменні тональності Same tonic, different notes (C major and C minor)
Mode Лад A scale with its own tonic and color
Chord Акорд Three or more notes together
Triad Тризвук A three-note chord: root, 3rd, 5th
Root Основний тон The note a chord is built on
Inversion Обернення A chord with a note other than the root in the bass
Seventh chord Септакорд A triad plus a 7th
Power chord Пауер-акорд, квінтакорд Root and 5th
Voicing Розташування акорду The arrangement of a chord’s notes
Chord progression Акордова послідовність A series of chords
Roman numerals Римські цифри, ступені Chords named by scale degree
Subdominant Субдомінанта The IV function
Dominant Домінанта The V function
Cadence Каденція The harmonic ending of a phrase
Borrowed chord Запозичений акорд A chord from the parallel key or mode
Secondary dominant Побічна домінанта The dominant of a chord other than the tonic
Modulation Модуляція A change of key
Voice leading Голосоведення How the notes of chords move from one to the next
Pedal point Органний пункт A held note under changing chords
Meter Метр, розмір How beats are grouped into bars
Bar, measure Такт One group of beats
Beat Доля The basic pulse
Subdivision Дроблення How a beat is split
Syncopation Синкопа An accent off the expected beat
Backbeat Бекбіт, слабка доля The snare on beats 2 and 4
Riff Риф A short repeated instrumental idea
Palm muting Глушіння долонею Damping the strings with the picking hand
Motif Мотив A short melodic idea
Phrase Фраза A musical sentence
Verse, chorus Куплет, приспів Song sections
Pre-chorus, bridge Передприспів, бридж Song sections
Hook Хук The most memorable part
Arrangement Аранжування Who plays what, and when
Register Регістр How high or low a part sits
Dynamics Динаміка Loudness and intensity
Prosody Просодія The fit between words and music
Drone Бурдон A long held note used as a tonal center